If you have KernelCare, you may expect to see kernel updates disappear on Linux.
The easy answer is, they do. The updates to the kernel are done and complete, but these are written to memory (the running kernel).
When you run apt update or dnf update, it is showing you updates to write to disk.
Simply reboot or apply the updates - either way, you should see the updated kernel when running uname -r.
However, if you want to be certain that you're running the latest kernel version, you can run the following command to see the current live kernel
kcarectl --uname
This will show you the current kernel that's running in-memory, which is the kernel the system is currently using.